There are so many ways for structural optimization, one of them is genetic
algorithm as ‘tools’ of optimization. Genetic algorithm is a searching procedure
and optimization based on natural selection (theory of Charles Darwin). Genetic
algorithm used for practical problem which focused to search optimal parameter.
In this paper, genetic algorithm had been used for searching optimal variables on
roof truss. Size, shape, and topology are three variables which would be
optimized. Benchmark problem is used for validating program optimization which
had been made and the result would be compared with the previous result from
other researcher.
The result of benchmark problem showed that genetic algorithm is a good
‘tools’ for structural optimization, we can see that weight of structure is 2122,62
kg which become the best result compared by previous result from other
researcher. Weight of structure for first model, second model, and third model of
roof truss respectively are 325,9103 kg, 206,2781, and 1956,037 kg.
Slenderness factor is a very influence factor for this three roof trusses
optimization, it can be seen that actual displacement and actual stress are less
compared with displacement limit and stress limit. In this cases (three cases),
there are two loading condition, the first loading condition is subjected 200 kg
each nodes, the second loading condition is based on structural configuration. The
result of this two loading condition is almost similar, because actual stress and
actual displacement for two loading condition is almost similar, thus weight of
structures are same.
Parameters of optimization and number of nodes become the determining
factor for running time to reach the optimum variables such as size of properties,
shape, and structural topology.