This study evaluates the legal standing and effectiveness of the Statement of
Physical Control of Land Plots as a simplified substitute for traditional Land
Certificates within Indonesia’s Systematic Complete Land Registration program,
focusing on Kebumen Regency. While SPPFBT—introduced through Ministerial
Regulation No. 6/2018 and Circular No. 1756/2016—accelerates mass land
certification by allowing applicants to declare physical control supported by
witness testimony (bypassing complex SKT procedures), field research reveals
critical legal vulnerabilities: its declarative nature lacks rigorous verification by
authorities, omits historical ownership records, and relies on local validations,
increasing risks of overlapping claims, disputes, and defective titles. Interviews
with Kebumen’s land officials and notaries confirm SPPFBT’s inferior legal force
compared to SKT, emphasizing that applicants bear full liability for inaccuracies,
exposing them to civil/criminal penalties. The study concludes that although
SPPFBT enhances administrative efficiency in PTSL, it compromises long-term
legal certainty, necessitating strengthened verification mechanisms to mitigate
agrarian conflicts.