The 2023 Israeli-Palestinian Armed Conflict has caused the destruction of
cultural heritage in both regions. In this context, UNESCO has an important
role as an international organization responsible for providing cultural
heritage protection. This research aims to determine the efforts made by
UNESCO to protect cultural heritage in the conflict between Israel and
Palestine since October 2023 according to the 1954 The Hague Convention.
The research method used is doctrinal method sourced from academics, news
and official documents. The results show that UNESCO has made efforts such
as registering cultural heritage on the World Heritage Lists, holding a
conference between the Executive Board, including one of the cultural
heritages on the List of World Heritage in Danger and providing Enhanced
Protection, establishing a General Conference, despite facing obstacles due
to Still carrying out initial inspections to identify damage so it cannot be
confirmed yet. In this case, UNESCO is advised to increase international
legal advocacy, accelerate the rehabilitation of cultural heritage,
immediately implement the Gaza Action Plan, involve local communities,
speed up aid, involve local communities, and establish monitoring
mechanisms in conflict zones. This research provides better insight into
UNESCO's role in protecting historical objects and places in the armed
conflict between Israel and Palestine, according to the 1954 The Hague Convention.