Human rights are universal rights that are shared by all people in the world. These
rights are so numerous and complex that their discussion and application must be
carefully considered. Human rights are also often violated, even by a country. One
of these rights is the right to freedom of religion. In the country of Eritrea, cases of
violations of these rights can be found. The country has ratified the International
Covenant on Civil and Political Rights (ICCPR), the content of which is to
guarantee the civil and political rights of citizens. The problem with Eritrea is that
the country limits the number of religions its citizens can follow. Eritrea even
punishes arbitrarily for its citizens who are proven to adhere to a religion or belief
outside of the 4 religions mentioned above. Apart from religious freedom, the
country also has very strict military service regulations. Many Eritrean citizens
refuse military service on conscientious grounds. Those found refusing military
service were immediately arrested and imprisoned. The treatment of the officers
towards the imprisoned citizens is very cruel. They were even tortured and
persecuted. Many parties both from inside and outside Eritrea oppose the actions
of the state. The issues that will be discussed in this study are the analysis and
implementation of the ICCPR on religious freedom and the conscientious objection
to military service in Eritrea.