Sexual violence against children continues to increase. The protection of children must
be considered seriously, because sexual violence against children has a negative impact on the
physical and psychological aspects of children as the nation’s next generation. One of the
protections for children carried out by the government is the enactment of Law No. 17 of 2016
which applies chemical castration sanctions that are considered as a solution to the problem
of sexual abuse that occurs in children. The pros and cons of applying chemical castration are
a problem in society. Parties that agree with the criminal sanctions of chemical castration
argue that castration can have a deterrent effect for any perpetrator of child sexual abuse, but
those opposed such as the National Commission on Human Rights argue that chemical
castration is an inhuman punishment and violates human rights.The purpose of writing this
thesis is to explore and learn more about chemical castration sanctions that are still new
sanctions in Indonesia, and whether chemical castration sanctions are proven to violate the
human rights of convicts.