A child is a grace, trust, and the greatest gift from God. They are prepared as
the generation of nation and state who must be guarded, protected, and maintained of
all rights and obligation to survive. Every child has a dignity, prestige, and a set of
rights that owned as a complete human being. The problematic of child exploitation is
common in Indonesia, especially those committed by parents to underage children
still common in society. The legal issue is what kind of criminal liability to the
parents who exploit their underage children to work. The objective of this study is to
find out the criminal liability to the parents who exploit their underage children to
work. The type of this study is normative research which conducted and focuses on
positive legal norms in the legislation and other legal regulations. The result of this
study is underage children are not allowed to work even being labor, in Sleman
district court as well as in non-governmental organization (NGO) Rifka Annisa there
is no cases have been appointed and resolved so it cannot be compare the facts that
occurred in the real life with the existing regulations.